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William Dockwra
William Dockwra (c. 1635–1716) was an English merchant who along with his partner Robert Murray created the first Penny Post in London in 1680. In latter 17th century London there was no official postal system for mail delivery within the city of London and its suburbs. Dockwra's London Penny Post was a mail delivery system that fulfilled this need. His system worked so well that it compromised the interests of private couriers and porters and royal officials alike.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Arms of the Armourers and Brasiers )〕
== Early life ==
Dockwra was born in the City of London, the son of an armourer, and died in 1716.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=William Dockwra : Oxford Biography Index entry )〕 His date of birth is uncertain; however, records show him to have been baptised in 1635.〔 He was the uncle of Mary Davies, whose dowry of Mayfair and other lands near London would make the Grosvenor family the richest family in England by the 19th century, and this connection was to prove beneficial to Dockwra's own fortunes.
Dockwra was apprenticed to one of his father's fellows in the Armourers' Company, but his career subsequently took a variety of turns. In the 1660s he obtained a position at the Custom House. By the 1670s he was a merchant in the African slave trade, but he suffered major losses when a ship in which he had a large share was seized for breaching the Royal African Company's licensed monopoly, and in the 1680s he was involved in the development of Jersey in the United States, being appointed to the board of the ''East Jersey Board of Proprietors'' in 1683.
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